1: Dysmenorrhea:
Dysmenorrhea is also known as Menstrual cramps or Painful periods. It refers to the
pain during menstruation.The most common problem women face during periods is the
Pain. More than half of women who have periods get some pain around their
period. Some women may get just a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen or tugging in
the pelvic area. Other women experience severe cramps different from premenstrual
syndrome (PMS) pain
Types of Dysmenorrhea:
A: Primary Dysmenorrhea
B: Secondary Dysmenorrhea
Primary Dysmenorrhea :
This type is most common and due to the contractions of the uterus pain is
caused. The uterus contracts during your period to help the uterine lining leave the
body. Teens may get dysmenorrhea soon after they get their first period.
Secondary Dysmenorrhea :
Secondary occurs due to a specific cause or other health problems. Secondary
dysmenorrhea pain usually gets worse when women grew older. It also lasts longer
than regular menstrual cramping. There are some problems that are the main cause of
secondary dysmenorrhoea and they are as follow:
Symptoms:
The major symptoms of endometriosis are
➢ Pelvic Pain:
Recurrent pelvic pain is a major symptom of endometriosis. The pain can
range from mild to extreme cramping or stabbing pain that occurs on both sides of the
pelvis, in the lower back and rectal region and also down the legs.
➢ Infertility:
Infertility is the inability of a person, animal or plant to reproduce by natural
means. In humans, infertility is the inability to become pregnant after one year of
intercourse without contraception involving a male and female partner. About a third
of women with infertility have endometriosis. Among women with endometriosis
about 40% are infertile
• Uterine Fibroids: Uterine fibroids, also known as uterine
leiomyomas or fibroids, are benign smooth muscle tumors of the uterus. Fibroids
are tumors that grow in or on the wall of the uterus. They are almost always not
cancerous. About 20% to 80% of women develop fibroids by the age of 50. In
2013, it was estimated that 171 million women were affected worldwide. They are
typically found during the middle and later reproductive years.
• Ovarian cysts: An ovarian cyst is a fluid filled sac within the ovary. They also
do not cause symptoms. Occasionally , they may cause bloating, lower
abdominal pain or lower back pain. Most of the cysts are harmless. If the cyst
breaks or causes the ovary to twist, it can cause intense pain,
Irregular Menstruation:
Irregular menstruation is a menstrual condition that involves both irregular cycle lengths
and metrorrhagia (vaginal bleeding between expected periods). Periods are known to
be abnormal if the menstrual cycle is shorter or longer than the average. This means
that the time from the first day of your last period to the beginning of your next period is
less than 24 days or more than 38 days. Irregular periods are normal for adolescent
girls and perimenopausal women. Teen girls' periods may be irregular for the first few
years before they become more regular. During the transition to menopause, known as
perimenopause, menstrual cycles may become more irregular over time.
Causes:
A number of factors increase the chance of irregular menstruation. These are:
Menorrhagia (heavy menstrual bleeding):
Menorrhagia is the medical term for menstrual periods with abnormally heavy or prolonged
bleeding. It lasts more than 7 days. Untreated heavy or prolonged bleeding can stop you from
living your life to its fullest. It can cause anemia too. Anemia is a common blood problem that
can make you feel tired or weak. Bleeding problem may lead to other health problems.
Causes
Amenorrhea:
Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation — one or more missed menstrual periods. The
absence of menstrual periods before menopause is called amenorrhea. Amenorrhea
happens in 3% to 4% of women. Amenorrhea that is not triggered by pregnancy or
breastfeeding means that ovaries have stopped producing regular amounts of the hormone
estrogen.
Causes: